In 1994, PBS broadcast a 10-part documentary on baseball by Ken Burns. It traced the origin of the game up until that time. He later added a chapter called The Tenth Inning which covered the game into the 2000’s. Using old photos of the era and then later videos, usually pretty grainy, he chronicled the games rise to popularity and its darker side when gamblers paid players to throw games. A couple of years ago, I purchased the entire series on DVD from Ebay. It cost me about 20 dollars.
The newest version has 11 DVDs. It is maybe the most comprehensive compilation of baseball history ever shown on TV. It shows how Babe Ruth basically rescued the game after the Black Sox scandal in 1919. Ruth’s arrival as a hitter instead of pitching was a total game changer. He had already broken the MLB record for homers in a season twice with 11 in 1918 and then 29 in 19. He was sold to the Red Sox that winter and the next year he crushed 54 homers, more homers by himself that any team in the majors except the Phillies, who hit 60.
The series was narrated by John Chancellor, who was the anchor for NBC Nightly News from 1970-82. The original series was presented in nine parts. Each part was called an inning. Each inning would represent an era, and the prologue would mention notable moments in that era happening in the US and the world. The prologue would end with the playing of the Star-Spangled Banner, just like the beginning of a game. There would be a break in the middle of the inning signifying the bottom of the inning starting. Actors were used to portray some of the players and other key people involved in that era.
The First Inning: OUR GAME: The first inning was used to introduce the origin of the game and its rise in popularity as it evolved into a professional sport, becoming popular and receiving notoriety. As the nation grew, different forms of entertainment arose, and baseball became one of those. Old photographs and drawings are used to show the first players and where they played. 
The Second Inning: SOMETHING LIKE A WAR: This inning covers 1900-1910. It includes the formation of the American and National Leagues and the beginning of the World Series. The title comes from a quote from Ty Cobb, one of the games first stars, who is discussed in depth. Christy Mathewson and Honus Wagner are also featured. Wagner was probably the biggest star of that era. Wagner had 7 batting titles under his belt by 1910. His Pirates defeated Cobb’s Tigers in the 1909 World Series. Mathewson and Wagner received some credit for helping clean up baseball’s reputation as a rowdy brawling game. 
The Third Inning: THE FAITH OF FIFTY MILLION PEOPLE: 1910-1920. Follows the game as it goes through its greatest era of popularity yet. It focuses heavily on the Black Sox Scandal, taking its title from a line in the novel, The Great Gatsby, showing how easy it was for gamblers to tamper with the people’s faith in the game’s fairness. Another source of information about the scandal is the movie, Eight Men Out, which documents the 1919 Sox pretty accurately.
NEW YORK CITY – 1921: Babe Ruth is about to swing during a batting practice session before a game in 1921 at the Polo Grounds in New York City.
The Fourth Inning: A NATIONAL HEIRLOOM: This chapter covers the period of 1920-30. The change from the dead ball era to the era of the power hitter led by none other than Babe Ruth. After his trade to the Yankees, the game changed dramatically. They were also trying to recover from the Black Sox scandal. With Ruth leading the way, homers became the big draw in the game. Fans were in awe of how far Ruth could hit a ball. Burns in an interview said he wanted to name this chapter “That Big Son of a Bitch”, a nickname some gave Ruth during that period. He went with what the press was calling the Babe instead. Yankee Stadium was designed with Ruth in mind. 
The Fifth Inning: SHADOW BALL: Covering 1930-40, much of this episode covers the Negros Leagues and its great players who were denied the chance to play in the majors. It also covers the decline of Babe Ruth, and the rise of new favorites like DiMaggio and Feller, Jimmy Foxx and Hank Greenburg. Lou Gehrig, always in Ruthy’s shadow finally gets his due. It also details baseballs response to the great depression and the first All-Star game. 
The Sixth Inning: THE NATIONAL PASTIME: This segment covers 1940-50, when the game became what it had always said it was, the national pastime. It covers how WWII affected the game and the nation with many stars joining the military. It also covers men of color finally being allowed to compete in the major leagues led by Jackie Robinson and the Dodgers. In earlier episodes, they touched on how a black player was not allowed to lodge at the same hotel as his white players while he was managing Wesleyan University. He never forgot that humiliation the young player felt. Rickey was credited with many innovations including the creation of the modern farm system. 
The Seventh Inning: THE CAPITAL OF BASEBALL: Covering 1950-60, it chronicles the dominance of the three teams in New York, the Yankees, Dodgers and Giants. Between them, they won 8 World Series between 1950-58. It also showed how the demographics of the game changed as people began moving out of the cities and into urban areas. This shift was one of the reasons that teams like the Browns, moved to new cities. Unable to compete and draw crowds in St. Louis, the Browns relocated to Baltimore and became the Orioles in 1954. The A’s lef6t Philadelphia in 1955. The Dodgers and Giants would follow in 1958 as they moved to the west coast. It also follows the rise of stars like Mickey Mantle, Willie Mays, Ernie Banks and Frank Robinson. It also covers the Boys of Summer and their chase for their first World Series win. 
The Eighth Inning: A WHOLE NEW BALLGAME: This episode covers 1960-70. With the Dodgers and Giants now on the west coast, baseball expands, placing 2 new teams in each league. In the AL, teams are placed in Los Angeles and Washington D.C. and the Senators moving to Minneapolis and becoming the Twins in 1961. In 1962, the Mets in New York and the Colt 45s in Houston begin play in the National League. The Athletics would move for the second time in 1969, moving to Oakland. Baseball would expand again in 1969, adding teams in Seattle and Kansas City in the AL, San Diego and Montreal in the NL.
Pitching would dominate baseball once again during the 60s with Aces like Koufax, Gibson, Drysdale, Marichal, Ford, Palmer. Ruths home run record falls to Marris, baseball is losing fans to football and there are labor questions. Los Angeles would win 3 World Series; the Yankee dynasty began to decline as their biggest stars age. Once the AL’s most powerful team, the decade sees the Yankees lose series in 60, 63 and 64. The Yankees would not appear in another World Series until 1976. Labor and expansion are big topics in this episode. 
The Ninth Inning: HOME: The final inning of the original series covers the period of 1970-1992. While the game managed to survive the 60s, there still were a lot of changes coming to the game. Major changes were the formation of the MLBPA, collusion by the owners, free agency, and drugs as well as gambling scandals once more. The game does win back some fans with things like the exciting 1975 World Series with the Reds and the Red Sox, the return of the Yankees to prominence in the mid 70s. The series ended with a bold statement that baseball had survived wars, depressions, pandemics and numerous scandals and thus would never be stopped.
In 1994, the year the series was first aired on PBS, the World Series was cancelled for the first time since 1904. Baseball was thus stopped due to labor issues.
ST. LOUIS, MO – SEPTEMBER 7: Mark McGwire of the St. Louis Cardinals and Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs joke before the game at Busch Stadium on September 7, 1998, in St. Louis, Missouri.
The Tenth Inning: In 2010, PBS broadcast a 2-part addition to the series. Part one was the top of the 10th. This four-hour segment covered 1992-2010 and discussed the fans disgruntlement and work stoppages in the 90’s. It also chronicled the home run race between Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa that helped bring fans back to the game. Part 2, another four-hour segment, spent a large amount of time on the steroid scandal in baseball and how the game helped the nation heal a little after 9-11. It also talked about how even in the middle of the biggest economic crisis since the great depression, the game was as popular as it has ever been.
They also have released since then a companion tabletop book, which I received as a gift this Christmas. During the series, there were many interviews with people of prominence who were influenced by the game. Arthur Ashe, on the impact of Jackie Robinson. Mario Cuomo, the former NY Governor who once was a Pirates prospect, Billy Crystal, who was a huge Mantle and Yankee fan. George Plimpton, Tip O’Neill, Studs Terkel, a writer who actually had a role in the movie Eight Men Out.
Players and baseball people who were interviewed included Hank Aaron, Red Barber, Bob Feller, Billy Herman, Curt Flood, Mickey Mantle, Buck O’Neil, Pedro Matinez, Jimmy Reese, Babe Ruth’s roommate and a longtime coach, Vin Scully, Ichiro and Ted Williams. Many actors portrayed different players who were no longer living. Keith Carradine as Shoeless Joe, Delroy Lindo as Rube Foster, Gregory Peck as Kid Gleason and Connie Mack. Jason Robards became the voice of Kennesaw Mountain Landis, John McGraw, and the man that sold Babe Ruth to the Yankees, Harry Frazee.
For young fans who do not know much about the history of the game, it is a great resource of information and history that can be viewed over and over. For us older fans, it is a trip in time back to the eras that made us love the game as we do. For Dodger fans, there is plenty of the Dodgers history packed into the series including their rise to becoming a baseball power and helping the majors move west of St. Louis. If you do not have it in your DVD collection, I would strongly suggest purchasing it.
